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Elements and Performance Criteria

1. Use radar and ARPA to safely navigate
   • Radar is operated according to manufacturer instructions to produce data on position of vessel, other vessels and fixed objects
2. Radar plot is constructed on radar plotting sheet and automatic plotting devices are initialised
3. Systematic radar and/or ARPA observations of vessels in the vicinity are made and risk of collision is determined
4. Radar data is used to obtain a position fix for vessel using electronic bearing lines and variable range markers
5. Radar bearings are corrected for vessel heading and compass error, as appropriate
6. Adjustments are made to vessel course and speed to maintain safety of navigation
7. Manoeuvring signals are made at appropriate time according to regulations
8. ARPA information is analysed and interpreted taking into account limitation of equipment and prevailing circumstances and conditions
9. Set up bridge equipment
   • Bridge equipment is initialised and displays are set up and maintained
10. Operational performance and accuracy of bridge equipment is confirmed, and appropriate action is taken when performance is out of limits
11. Bridge navigation watch alarm system (BNWAS) and voyage data recorder are activated according to manufacturer requirements and organisational procedures
12. Any false echoes and misrepresentations are detected, identified and rejected
13. Use bridge equipment to safely navigate
    • Bridge equipment is safely and efficiently used to conduct navigation of vessel
14. Position of vessel is monitored during voyage to ensure planned passage is followed
15. Movements of vessels in the vicinity are monitored to ensure collision situations do not occur
16. Bridge equipment is used and maintained according to manufacturer requirements and organisational procedures
17. Maintain navigational records
    • Navigational data produced by bridge equipment that should be retained to conform with organisational procedures and regulatory requirements is identified
18. Navigational data is stored electronically or in hard copy as required by organisational procedures and regulatory requirements
19. Security and access requirements for data are adhered to according to organisational procedures

Range Statement

Range is restricted to essential operating conditions and any other variables essential to the work environment.

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Performance Evidence

Evidence required to demonstrate competence in this unit must be relevant to and satisfy all of the requirements of the elements and performance criteria on at least one occasion and include: communicating clearly and concisely at all times correctly interpreting and analysing information obtained from radar and automatic radar plotting aids (ARPAs) taking into account the limitations of equipment and prevailing circumstances and conditions correctly interpreting information received from other bridge equipment and applying appropriate corrections determining latitude by meridian altitude making adjustments to vessel course and speed to maintain safety of navigation making decisions to amend course or speed in a timely manner according to accepted navigation practice making manoeuvring signals at the appropriate time according to International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea (COLREGs) planning and conducting celestial observations using a sextant and plotting a position taking action to avoid close encounter or collision according to COLREGs using navigational information to aid in command decisions.

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Knowledge Evidence

Evidence required to demonstrate competence in this unit must be relevant to and satisfy all of the requirements of the elements and performance criteria and include knowledge of: ARPA system performance and accuracy, tracking capabilities, limitations and processing delays blind pilotage planning bridge navigational watch alarm systems (BNWAS), including: alarms carriage requirements design operational sequences purpose course and speed of other vessels critical echoes, exclusion areas and trial manoeuvres detecting course and speed changes of other vessels detection of misrepresentation of information, false echoes, sea and rain clutter, racons and search and rescue transponders (SARTs) effect of changes in own vessel course and speed or both errors of magnetic compass and their function factors affecting performance and accuracy of radar and other navigational equipment fundamentals of radar and ARPAs ground and sea stabilisation and their effects on ARPA data identification of critical echoes COLREGs magnetic and gyrocompasses, including rate of turn gyro meeting overtaking vessels methods of position fixing using celestial observations with a sextant methods of target acquisition and their limitations misrepresentation. including: compass errors false echoes incorrect radar settings for heading marker and range marker incorrect setting up of electronic chart system (ECS) or electronic chart display and information system (ECDIS) incorrect setting up of satellite navigation systems satellite and differential satellite navigation system errors sea and rain clutter returns navigational data, including: navigation safety warning recording of courses steered weather and oceanographic reports parallel indexing plotting techniques and relative and true-motion concepts principal types of ARPAs, their display characteristics, performance standards and the consequences of over reliance on ARPAs principles of the magnetic compass and their correction range and bearing by radar sea and ground stabilisation and their effect on ARPA data setting up and maintaining displays on radar time, distance and bearing of closest point of approach of a closing vessel true and relative vectors, graphic representation of target information and danger areas use of operational warnings and system tests voyage data recorder and simplified voyage data recorder, including: authorised access to data by personnel for investigations carriage requirements data items recorded data output interface data security and software design and operation purpose work health and safety (WHS)/occupational health and safety (OHS) requirements and work practices.

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